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2022 Jeep Grand Wagoneer
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2022 Jeep Grand Wagoneer Series II
Visit our Store
- Porsche Little Rock
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516 Colonel Glenn Plaza Loop
Little Rock, AR 72210
- Sales: 501-386-6059
- Service: 501-387-4530
- Parts: 501-497-7740
Vehicle Information
VIN:
1C4SJVFJXNS111556
Stock #:
TNS111556
Model Code:
WSJS75
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Body Style 4D Sport Utility -
Exterior Color Silver Zynith
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Interior Color Black
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Mileage 56,247
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City/Highway 13/18 MPG -
Engine 8 Cyl - 6.4 L -
Transmission 8-Speed Automatic / 4WD -
Fuel Type Gasoline
Highlighted Features
Feature availability subject to final vehicle configuration. Please reference window sticker for more info.
- Adaptive Cruise Control
- Heated Steering Wheel
- Remote Start
- 3rd Row Seating
- 4WD/AWD
- Heated Seats
- Keyless Entry
- Keyless Ignition System
- Leather Seats
- Power Tailgate/Liftgate
- Wi-Fi Hotspot
- Automatic High Beams
- Emergency Brake Assist
- Lane Departure Warning
- Lane Keep Assist
- Sunroof/Moonroof
- Blind Spot Monitor
- Forward Collision Warning
- Navigation System
- Rear View Camera
- Rain Sensing Wipers
- Speed Sensing Wipers
- Alloy Wheels
Dealer Comments
Porsche Little Rock is delighted to showcase, this Pre-Owned 2022 Jeep Grand Wagoneer Series II. Finished in a refined Silver Zynith exterior paired with a luxurious Black interior, this Grand Wagoneer delivers full-size SUV capability with premium craftsmanship, advanced technology, and exceptional comfort.
The exterior design presents a bold and commanding presence with its sculpted body lines, signature LED lighting, and premium chrome accents. The Silver Zynith finish highlights the Grand Wagoneers upscale styling, while the Series II enhancements elevate its elegance and road presence.
Inside, the Black interior offers a first-class experience with high-quality materials, precision detailing, and an expansive layout designed for comfort. The Grand Wagoneer Series II includes premium leather seating, wood accents, and advanced technology throughout the cabin. Multiple digital displays, intuitive controls, and exceptional sound insulation make every drive remarkably refined.
Engine and Performance: The Grand Wagoneer is powered by a 6.4 liter V8 engine paired with an 8-speed automatic transmission, delivering smooth, confident performance. Its advanced suspension tuning and four-wheel-drive capability ensure stability, comfort, and traction across a variety of driving conditions.
Key Highlights:
• Silver Zynith Exterior: Premium metallic paint with a polished, upscale appearance
• Luxurious Black Interior: Crafted with premium materials and intuitive technology
• 6.4L V8 Engine: Provides powerful, smooth performance for daily driving or towing
• Advanced Technology Features: Multiple displays, premium sound, and modern connectivity
• Full-Size Capability: Exceptional space, comfort, and versatility for all passengers
This 2022 Jeep Grand Wagoneer Series II blends rugged capability with luxury and innovation, creating a sophisticated SUV ready for family travel, long-distance comfort, and daily versatility. Available now at Porsche Little Rock.
Porsche Little Rock is a member of the indiGO Auto Group and Arkansas's first and only Porsche Center. Our Porsche Center features a beautiful Porsche Corporate Identity showroom, fully staffed factory certified service center, parts department, finance department, detail department, and Porsche accessories boutique. Allow us to also help arrange transportation of your new car directly to your home anywhere in the world. Trade in proposals are always welcome. If you like this vehicle and have questions, simply call, email, or drop by our location at 516 Colonel Glenn Plaza Loop, Little Rock, AR 72210. We invite you to Activate Your Ownership with us today!
The exterior design presents a bold and commanding presence with its sculpted body lines, signature LED lighting, and premium chrome accents. The Silver Zynith finish highlights the Grand Wagoneers upscale styling, while the Series II enhancements elevate its elegance and road presence.
Inside, the Black interior offers a first-class experience with high-quality materials, precision detailing, and an expansive layout designed for comfort. The Grand Wagoneer Series II includes premium leather seating, wood accents, and advanced technology throughout the cabin. Multiple digital displays, intuitive controls, and exceptional sound insulation make every drive remarkably refined.
Engine and Performance: The Grand Wagoneer is powered by a 6.4 liter V8 engine paired with an 8-speed automatic transmission, delivering smooth, confident performance. Its advanced suspension tuning and four-wheel-drive capability ensure stability, comfort, and traction across a variety of driving conditions.
Key Highlights:
• Silver Zynith Exterior: Premium metallic paint with a polished, upscale appearance
• Luxurious Black Interior: Crafted with premium materials and intuitive technology
• 6.4L V8 Engine: Provides powerful, smooth performance for daily driving or towing
• Advanced Technology Features: Multiple displays, premium sound, and modern connectivity
• Full-Size Capability: Exceptional space, comfort, and versatility for all passengers
This 2022 Jeep Grand Wagoneer Series II blends rugged capability with luxury and innovation, creating a sophisticated SUV ready for family travel, long-distance comfort, and daily versatility. Available now at Porsche Little Rock.
Porsche Little Rock is a member of the indiGO Auto Group and Arkansas's first and only Porsche Center. Our Porsche Center features a beautiful Porsche Corporate Identity showroom, fully staffed factory certified service center, parts department, finance department, detail department, and Porsche accessories boutique. Allow us to also help arrange transportation of your new car directly to your home anywhere in the world. Trade in proposals are always welcome. If you like this vehicle and have questions, simply call, email, or drop by our location at 516 Colonel Glenn Plaza Loop, Little Rock, AR 72210. We invite you to Activate Your Ownership with us today!
Eligible Benefits
All Features
- 3.92 Rear Axle Ratio
- Normal Duty Suspension
- GVWR: 7,700 lbs
- Federal Emissions
- Electronic Transfer Case
- Automatic Full-Time Four-Wheel Drive
- 800CCA Maintenance-Free Battery w/Run Down Protection
- 240 Amp Alternator
- Class IV Towing Equipment -inc: Hitch and Trailer Sway Control
- Trailer Wiring Harness
- 1380# Maximum Payload
- Gas-Pressurized Shock Absorbers
- Front And Rear Auto-Leveling Suspension
- Front And Rear Anti-Roll Bars
- Automatic w/Driver Control Height Adjustable Suspension
- Electric Power-Assist Speed-Sensing Steering
- 26.5 Gal. Fuel Tank
- Dual Stainless Steel Exhaust
- Permanent Locking Hubs
- Short And Long Arm Front Suspension w/Air Springs
- Multi-Link Rear Suspension w/Air Springs
- 4-Wheel Disc Brakes w/4-Wheel ABS, Front Vented Discs, Brake Assist, Hill Descent Control, Hill Hold Control and Electric Parking Brake
- Electro-Mechanical Limited Slip Differential
- Wheels: 22" x 9.0" Premium 1 Aluminum
- Tires: 285/45R22XL BSW All Season
- Aluminum Spare Wheel
- Full-Size Spare Tire Mounted Inside Under Cargo
- Express Open/Close Sliding And Tilting Glass 1st And 2nd Row Sunroof w/Power Sunshade
- Fixed Glass 3rd Row Sunroof w/Power Sunshade
- Body-Colored Front Bumper w/Chrome Rub Strip/Fascia Accent and Chrome Bumper Insert
- Body-Colored Rear Step Bumper w/Chrome Rub Strip/Fascia Accent
- Chrome Bodyside Insert and Body-Colored Fender Flares
- Stainless Steel Side Windows Trim and Chrome Rear Window Trim
- Body-Colored Door Handles
- Body-Colored Power w/Tilt Down Heated Side Mirrors w/Driver Auto Dimming, Power Folding and Turn Signal Indicator
- Fixed Rear Window w/Wiper, Heated Wiper Park and Defroster
- Deep Tinted Glass
- Speed Sensitive Rain Detecting Variable Intermittent Wipers w/Heated Wiper Park
- Galvanized Steel/Aluminum Panels
- Power Running Boards
- Chrome Grille
- Front License Plate Bracket
- Power Liftgate Rear Cargo Access
- Tailgate/Rear Door Lock Included w/Power Door Locks
- Auto On/Off Projector Beam Led Low/High Beam Auto High-Beam Daytime Running Lights Preference Setting Headlamps w/Delay-Off
- Front Fog Lamps
- Cornering Lights
- Perimeter/Approach Lights
- LED Brakelights
- Headlights-Automatic Highbeams
- Laminated Glass
- Radio: Uconnect 5 Nav w/12.0" Display
- Radio w/Seek-Scan, Clock, Speed Compensated Volume Control, Aux Audio Input Jack, Steering Wheel Controls, Voice Activation, Radio Data System and External Memory Control
- 19 McIntosh Speakers
- 950w Regular Amplifier
- Digital Signal Processor
- Streaming Audio
- Integrated Roof Antenna
- Wireless Phone Connectivity
- 3 LCD Monitors In The Front
- Connected Travel & Traffic Services Real-Time Traffic Display
- Front Seats w/Power 4-Way Driver Lumbar
- Driver And Passenger Heated And Ventilated Front Seats
- 18-Way Power Driver Seat -inc: Power Recline, Height Adjustment, Cushion Extension, Seatback Side Bolster Support, Fore/Aft Movement, Cushion Tilt, Power 4-Way Lumbar Support, Power Cushion Side Bolster Support and Massage
- 18-Way Power Passenger Seat -inc: Power Recline, Height Adjustment, Seatback Side Bolster Support, Fore/Aft Movement, Cushion Extension, Cushion Tilt, Power 4-Way Lumbar Support, Power Cushion Side Bolster Support and Massage
- Bucket Folding Bucket Front Facing Heated Power Reclining Fold Forward Seatback Leather Rear Seat w/Power Fore/Aft and Power Cushion Tilt
- Power Tilt/Telescoping Steering Column
- Power Rear Windows, Fixed 3rd Row Windows and w/Manual 2nd Row Sun Blinds
- 4G LTE Wi-Fi Hot Spot Mobile Hotspot Internet Access
- Fixed 60-40 Bench Leather 3rd Row Seat Front, Power Recline, 3 Power and Adjustable Head Restraints
- Heated Leather Steering Wheel
- Illuminated Front Cupholder
- Rear Cupholder
- 3 12V DC Power Outlets
- Compass
- Proximity Key For Doors And Push Button Start
- Valet Function
- Power Fuel Flap Locking Type
- Remote Keyless Entry w/Integrated Key Transmitter, Illuminated Entry and Panic Button
- Remote Releases -Inc: Proximity Cargo Access
- Garage Door Transmitter
- Cruise Control w/Steering Wheel Controls
- Adaptive Cruise Control
- Voice Activated Dual Zone Front And Rear Automatic Air Conditioning
- Rear HVAC w/Separate Controls
- HVAC -inc: Underseat Ducts, Headliner/Pillar Ducts and Console Ducts
- Illuminated Locking Glove Box
- Driver Foot Rest
- Interior Trim -inc: Genuine Wood Instrument Panel Insert, Genuine Wood Door Panel Insert, Genuine Wood Console Insert and Chrome/Metal-Look Interior Accents
- Leather Door Trim Insert
- Full Simulated Suede Headliner
- Leather Trimmed Bucket Seats
- Day-Night Auto-Dimming Rearview Mirror
- Driver And Passenger Visor Vanity Mirrors w/Driver And Passenger Illumination
- Full Floor Console w/Covered Storage, Mini Overhead Console w/Storage, Conversation Mirror, Rear Console w/Storage, 3 12V DC Power Outlets and 1 Interior 120V AC Power Outlet
- Front And Rear Map Lights
- Fade-To-Off Interior Lighting
- Full Carpet Floor Covering -inc: Carpet Front And Rear Floor Mats
- Carpet Floor Trim, Carpet And Rubber Mat
- Trunk/Hatch Auto-Latch
- Cargo Area Concealed Storage
- Cargo Net
- Cargo Features -inc: Cargo Tray/Organizer
- Cargo Space Lights
- FOB Controls -inc: Keyfob Cargo Access, Keyfob Remote Start and Keyfob Air Suspension Control
- Integrated Navigation System w/Voice Activation
- Smart Device Integration
- Memory Settings -inc: Driver And Passenger Seats, Door Mirrors, Steering Wheel, Audio and Pedals
- Instrument Panel Covered Bin, Driver / Passenger And Rear Door Bins
- Power Adjustable Pedals
- Power 1st Row Windows w/Front And Rear 1-Touch Up/Down
- Delayed Accessory Power
- Power Door Locks w/Autolock Feature
- Driver Information Center
- Head-Up Display
- Redundant Digital Speedometer
- Trip Computer
- Outside Temp Gauge
- Digital/Analog Appearance
- Power Anti-Whiplash w/Tilt Front Head Restraints and Fixed Rear Head Restraints
- Driver And Front Passenger Armrests Front Center Armrest w/Storage and Rear Center Armrest w/Storage
- 2 Seatback Storage Pockets
- Perimeter Alarm
- Sentry Key Immobilizer
- 3 12V DC Power Outlets and 1 Interior 120V AC Power Outlet
- Air Filtration
- Electronic Stability Control (ESC) And Roll Stability Control (RSC)
- Selec-Terrain ABS And Driveline Traction Control
- Side Impact Beams
- Dual Stage Driver And Passenger Seat-Mounted Side Airbags
- ParkSense Front And Rear Parking Sensors w/Rear Camera
- Blind Spot Detection Blind Spot
- Forward Collision Warning-Plus
- Rear Cross-Path Detection
- Active Lane Management Lane Keeping Assist
- Active Lane Management Lane Departure Warning
- Aerial View Camera System
- Collision Mitigation-Front
- Driver Monitoring-Alert
- Tire Specific Low Tire Pressure Warning
- Dual Stage Driver And Passenger Front Airbags
- Curtain 1st, 2nd And 3rd Row Airbags
- Airbag Occupancy Sensor
- Driver And Passenger Knee Airbag
- Rear Child Safety Locks
- Outboard Front Lap And Shoulder Safety Belts -inc: Height Adjusters and Pretensioners
- Surround View Back-Up Camera w/Washer
- Front Camera
- Left Side Camera
- Right Side Camera
ENGINE: 6.4L V8
- (STD)
- Navigation System
- Convenience Group III
- Quick Order Package 23S
- Two Tone Paint Group
- Body Color Roof
- 19 Speakers
- AM/FM radio: SiriusXM with 360L
- Audio memory
- Radio data system
- Radio: Uconnect 5 Nav w/12.0" Display
- Air Conditioning
- Automatic temperature control
- Front dual zone A/C
- Rear air conditioning
- Rear dual zone A/C
- Rear window defroster
- Heads-Up Display
- Memory seat
- Pedal memory
- Power driver seat
- Power steering
- Power windows
- Remote keyless entry
- Steering wheel memory
- Steering wheel mounted audio controls
- Auto-leveling suspension
- Four wheel independent suspension
- Normal Duty Suspension
- Speed-sensing steering
- Traction control
- 4-Wheel Disc Brakes
- ABS brakes
- Anti-whiplash front head restraints
- Dual front impact airbags
- Dual front side impact airbags
- Front anti-roll bar
- Knee airbag
- Low tire pressure warning
- Occupant sensing airbag
- Overhead airbag
- Power adjustable front head restraints
- Rear anti-roll bar
- Power moonroof
- Power Liftgate
- Brake assist
- Electronic Stability Control
- Auto High-beam Headlights
- Delay-off headlights
- Front fog lights
- Fully automatic headlights
- Advanced Security Alert System
- Panic alarm
- Security system
- Active Driving Assist System
- Speed control
- Auto-dimming door mirrors
- Bumpers: body-color
- Heated door mirrors
- Power door mirrors
- Turn signal indicator mirrors
- Adjustable pedals
- Auto-dimming Rear-View mirror
- Compass
- Driver door bin
- Driver vanity mirror
- Front Passenger Interactive Display
- Front reading lights
- Garage door transmitter
- Genuine wood console insert
- Genuine wood dashboard insert
- Genuine wood door panel insert
- Heated steering wheel
- Illuminated entry
- Interior Rear Facing Camera
- Intersection Collision Assist System
- Leather steering wheel
- Night Vision/Pedestrian-Animal Detection
- Outside temperature display
- Overhead console
- Passenger seat mounted armrest
- Passenger vanity mirror
- Rear reading lights
- Rear seat center armrest
- Tachometer
- Telescoping steering wheel
- Tilt steering wheel
- Trip computer
- Voltmeter
- 3rd row seats: bench
- Driver's Seat Mounted Armrest
- Front Bucket Seats
- Heated front seats
- Heated rear seats
- Leather Trimmed Bucket Seats
- Power passenger seat
- Reclining 3rd row seat
- Split folding rear seat
- Ventilated front seats
- Front Center Armrest w/Storage
- Passenger door bin
- Alloy wheels
- Wheels: 22" x 9.0" Premium 1 Aluminum
- Rain sensing wipers
- Rear window wiper
- Speed-Sensitive Wipers
- Variably intermittent wipers
- 3.92 Rear Axle Ratio
- Fuel Economy Est-Combined (MPG): 15
- EPA Fuel Economy Est - City (MPG): 13
- EPA Fuel Economy Est - Hwy (MPG): 18
- Cold Cranking Amps @ 0° F (Primary): 800
- Cold Cranking Amps @ 0° F (2nd): 800
- Maximum Alternator Capacity (amps): 240
- Base Curb Weight (lbs): 6400
- Gross Vehicle Weight Rating Cap (lbs): 7700
- Gross Combined Wt Rating (lbs): 15000
- Dead Weight Hitch - Max Trailer Wt. (lbs): 5000
- Dead Weight Hitch - Max Tongue Wt. (lbs): 500
- Wt Distributing Hitch - Max Trailer Wt. (lbs): 8260
- Wt Distributing Hitch - Max Tongue Wt. (lbs): 826
- Maximum Trailering Capacity (lbs): 8260
- Suspension Type - Front: Short And Long Arm
- Suspension Type - Rear: Multi-Link
- Axle Type - Front: Independent
- Axle Type - Rear: Independent
- Axle Ratio (:1) - Front: 3.92
- Axle Ratio (:1) - Rear: 3.92
- Brake Type: 4-Wheel Disc
- Brake ABS System: 4-Wheel
- Brake ABS System (Second Line): 4-Wheel
- Disc - Front (Yes or ): Yes
- Disc - Rear (Yes or ): Yes
- Front Brake Rotor Diam x Thickness (in): 14.9
- Rear Brake Rotor Diam x Thickness (in): 14.8
- Front Tire Order Code: TY4
- Rear Tire Order Code: TY4
- Front Tire Size: P285/45TR22
- Rear Tire Size: P285/45TR22
- Spare Tire Size: Full-Size
- Front Wheel Size (in): 22 X 9
- Rear Wheel Size (in): 22 X 9
- Spare Wheel Size (in): Full-Size
- Front Wheel Material: Aluminum
- Rear Wheel Material: Aluminum
- Spare Wheel Material: Aluminum
- Steering Type: Rack-Pinion
- Turning Diameter - Curb to Curb (ft): 38
- Fuel Tank Capacity, Approx (gal): 26.5
- Wheelbase (in): 123
- Length, Overall (in): 214.7
- Width, Max w/o mirrors (in): 83.6
- Height, Overall (in): 75.6
- Track Width, Front (in): 68.5
- Track Width, Rear (in): 68.3
- Min Ground Clearance (in): 10
- Liftover Height (in): 31.9
- Cargo Volume to Seat 1 (ft³): 94.2
- Cargo Volume to Seat 2 (ft³): 70.9
- Cargo Volume to Seat 3 (ft³): 27.4
- Passenger Capacity: 7
- Front Head Room (in): 41.3
- Front Leg Room (in): 40.9
- Front Shoulder Room (in): 66.1
- Front Hip Room (in): 63.4
- Second Head Room (in): 40
- Second Leg Room (in): 42.7
- Second Shoulder Room (in): 65.2
- Second Hip Room (in): 63
- Third Head Room (in): 39
- Third Leg Room (in): 36.6
- Third Shoulder Room (in): 64.4
- Third Hip Room (in): 51.6
- Vehicle Name: Jeep Grand Wagoneer
- Body Style: Sport Utility
- Body Code: S
- Tons/yr of CO2 Emissions @ 15K mi/year: 11.8
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All information is subject to change without notice. Neither Porsche Cars North America, Inc. nor the manufacturer can accept liability arising from the use of any information contained herein. Only an actual invoice issued by PCNA at the time a vehicle is sold to an authorized Porsche Center may be used as an official indication of equipment and pricing. The Total Manufacturers Suggested Retail Price (MSRP) shown excludes taxes, title, registration, other optional or regionally required equipment, dealer charges, and any potential tariffs. The price and availability of Individually Commissioned Equipment (CXX) can be determined only after review and analysis by the manufacturer. Actual selling prices are set by dealers and may vary.
New vehicle pricing includes all offers and incentives. Tax, Title, Tags, and Dealer Fees not included in vehicle prices shown and must be paid by the purchaser. While great effort is made to ensure the accuracy of the information on this site, errors do occur so please verify information with a customer service rep. This is easily done by calling us at 501-386-6059 or by visiting us at the dealership. New Vehicle MSRP is the Manufacturers SUGGESTED Retail Price. It is not binding and does not constitute an offer. Used vehicle pricing shown on websites is a suggested market value and is not a binding offer. Final pricing may vary significantly between website displayed pricing and final in person consummated agreement and is subject to market conditions, equipment variations, and other factors. See store management in person in the dealership for final pricing. Pricing is not final or binding until signed in person by an authorized store manager. **With approved credit. Terms may vary. Monthly payments are only estimates derived from the vehicle price with a 72 month term, 6.9% interest and 20% downpayment. EXISTING / ESTABLISHED BUSINESS RELATIONSHIP By viewing or using this website in any way – including simply viewing the website and/or use of services, vendors, lead forms, finance forms, trade forms, parts and service forms and/or appointment portals, offers, and goods or services offered or displayed on, in, or by means of use of this website – you agree that you have entered an EXISTING / ESTABLISHED BUSINESS RELATIONSHIP with the dealership and with all of its assignees, vendors, partners, associates, business entities, products ,services, and providers. You furthermore explicitly agree that this EXISITING / ESTABLISHED BUSINESS RELATIONSHIP meets and satisfies any and all present, past and future requirements of any and all Federal, State, Regional and Local TCPA and TCPA related or equivalent legislation/s, rule/s, regulation/s, and communication qualifier/s and exemptions for parties in an EXISTING / ESTABLISHED BUSINESS RELATIONSHIP as they define such a relationship.
All information is subject to change without notice. Neither Porsche Cars North America, Inc. nor the manufacturer can accept liability arising from the use of any information contained herein. Only an actual invoice issued by PCNA at the time a vehicle is sold to an authorized Porsche Center may be used as an official indication of equipment and pricing. The Total Manufacturers Suggested Retail Price (MSRP) shown excludes taxes, title, registration, other optional or regionally required equipment, dealer charges, and any potential tariffs. The price and availability of Individually Commissioned Equipment (CXX) can be determined only after review and analysis by the manufacturer. Actual selling prices are set by dealers and may vary.
New vehicle pricing includes all offers and incentives. Tax, Title, Tags, and Dealer Fees not included in vehicle prices shown and must be paid by the purchaser. While great effort is made to ensure the accuracy of the information on this site, errors do occur so please verify information with a customer service rep. This is easily done by calling us at 501-386-6059 or by visiting us at the dealership. New Vehicle MSRP is the Manufacturers SUGGESTED Retail Price. It is not binding and does not constitute an offer. Used vehicle pricing shown on websites is a suggested market value and is not a binding offer. Final pricing may vary significantly between website displayed pricing and final in person consummated agreement and is subject to market conditions, equipment variations, and other factors. See store management in person in the dealership for final pricing. Pricing is not final or binding until signed in person by an authorized store manager. **With approved credit. Terms may vary. Monthly payments are only estimates derived from the vehicle price with a 72 month term, 6.9% interest and 20% downpayment. EXISTING / ESTABLISHED BUSINESS RELATIONSHIP By viewing or using this website in any way – including simply viewing the website and/or use of services, vendors, lead forms, finance forms, trade forms, parts and service forms and/or appointment portals, offers, and goods or services offered or displayed on, in, or by means of use of this website – you agree that you have entered an EXISTING / ESTABLISHED BUSINESS RELATIONSHIP with the dealership and with all of its assignees, vendors, partners, associates, business entities, products ,services, and providers. You furthermore explicitly agree that this EXISITING / ESTABLISHED BUSINESS RELATIONSHIP meets and satisfies any and all present, past and future requirements of any and all Federal, State, Regional and Local TCPA and TCPA related or equivalent legislation/s, rule/s, regulation/s, and communication qualifier/s and exemptions for parties in an EXISTING / ESTABLISHED BUSINESS RELATIONSHIP as they define such a relationship.